Defra has elevated the avian influenza risk level for wild birds in Britain from low to medium following the detection of the highly pathogenic H5N5 strain. This season marks the first report of a significant wild bird mortality tied to the virus, urging enhanced vigilance among farmers as winter looms. Despite this uptick, the risk level in poultry remains ‘low’ with inadequate biosecurity and ‘very low’ where biosecurity measures are robust.

In the backdrop of increasing H5N5 cases, Defra’s decision underscores the evolving nature of avian flu strains affecting the UK. Historically dominated by the H5N1 virus, this season’s rise in infections has prompted renewed focus on biosecurity practices to protect both wild and domestic bird populations. As the government maintains the UK’s status of freedom from highly pathogenic avian influenza, set since March 2024, the new measures mandate all bird keepers in England and Wales to register with authorities, aligning biosecurity efforts nationwide. In Scotland, a December deadline has been set for similar registration.

The heightened alert serves as a critical reminder of the need for stringent biosecurity protocols to safeguard the UK poultry sector. With no current outbreaks in captive birds, farmers are encouraged to maintain vigilance and proactively manage their flocks’ health. Defra’s proactive measures aim to shield the industry from potential disruptions, ensuring continued operational stability amid rising avian flu challenges.